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- Raynaud’s disease: Isolated Raynaud’s phenomenon; not part of any other disease.
- Raynaud’s phenomenon: Discoloration of the hands or feet (they turn blue, white, or red), especially with cold temperatures; a feature of an autoimmune disease.
- Remission: Remission means the absence of disease activity.
- Renal failure: Acute kidney failure occurs when your kidneys suddenly become unable to filter waste products from your blood. When your kidneys lose their filtering ability, dangerous levels of wastes may accumulate, and your blood's chemical makeup may get out of balance. Chronic kidney disease, also called chronic kidney failure, describes the gradual loss of kidney function.
- Retina: The innermost layer of the eye. Serves as the eye’s camera, transmitting images to the brain via the optic nerve.
- Rheumatoid factor: Autoantibodies that react with Immunoglobulin G.
- Ribonucleic acid (RNA): A nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins.
